Water-jacket for explosive-engines.



J. P. & H. E. DODGE. WATER JACKET FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES. APPLIUATIONFILED SEPT. l, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 3, 1910. 96 545 Patented Aug. 30,1910.

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J. P. & H. E. DODGE.

WATER JACKET FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINE$.

APPLICATION EILED SEPT. 1, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 3, 1910.

' Patented Aug.30, 1910.

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I! ////K r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. DODGE AND HORACE E. DODGE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WATER-JACKET FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

Application filed September 1, 1905, Serial No. 276,693. Renewed June 3,1910. Serial No. 564,854.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, JOHN F. DODGE and HORACE E. Donon, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne, State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWater-Jackets for Explosive-Engines; and we do declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to thefigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to water-jackets for explosive engine cylinders,and consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafterfully set forth and pointed out particularly in the claims.

The objects of the invention are to materially reduce the weight of thecylinder, by providing a sheet-metal water-jacket surrounding the sameand to provide a sufiicient volume of water to obviate excessivelyheating the cylinder; to provide for reducing the cost of casting thecylinder and enabling it to be cast with walls comparatively thin and ofuniform thickness; to provide for securing the water-jacket around thecylinder in such a manner as to maintain it perfectly in place andobviate all liability of leakage, and to provide for establishing propercirculatory orifices connecting the water space around the cylinder withthe water space surrounding the combustion chamber located in theremovable cap upon the cylinder.

head. The above objects are attained by the structure illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 isan elevation, partly insection, of an explosive engine of the gasolene type, to which ourinvention is applied. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section as on line2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section as on line 33 of Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view in section, through a portion ofthe cylinder wall and lateral flange thereon in which the lower edge'ofthe jacket is secured. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary View in section, througha portion of the upper end of the cylinder, and a portion of the capseated thereon, showing the stress ring or collar seated in acounter-bore of the connecting apertures between said parts and adaptedto take the strain incident to the explosions and relieve from stressthe copper gasket formed by the upper portion of the water-jacket Whichlies between the cap and cylinder head. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view insection, showing one of the tie bolts, which are employed to secure thecap to the cylinder.

The practice in providing an explosive engine with a Water-jacket,especially of the multiple cylinder type, of casting said jacket aroundthe cylinders by illc use of cores is objectionable for the reason thatsuch practice, results in cylinder walls of varying thicknesses, and inexcessive weight, at the same time requiring considerable expense toproduce, and affording but a comparatively small water space, owing tothe dilliculty of casting the walls sufiiciently thin and to thenecessity of reducing both the size and weight of the engine. lly meansof our improved jacket, we create an unusually large water space aroundthe cylinder or cylinders, reduce materially the cost of casting thecylinders, and the weight thereof, and enable the cylinders to bemaintained at the proper temperature, because of the presence of thelarge volume of water surrounding them.

lVe have shown our invention as applied to a multiple cylinder engine.

Referring to the drawings by the characters of reference, 1 indicatesthe cylinders which are cast integral with a water space 2 between them.Surrounding the cylinders and projecting from the walls thereof near thebase, is a lateral flange 3 which is continued between the cylindersforming the webs 4 which close the bottoms of the water spaces 2.Surrounding the'cylinders above the flange 3 is a water-jacket 5 ofsuitable sheet-metal, preferably of copper, the lower end of which isrolled or provided with a bead 6 adapted to lie in a channel in theupper face of the flange 3, and secured therein by a filling 7 of moltenlead, or other malleable or plastic material, adaptable for the purpose,said channel having an undercut portion 8 into which said filling flowsor is crowded, whereby when the filling becomes hardened, it is securelyretained within the channel, thereby firmly sealing the lower end of thejacket 5 therein. Said jacket isformed of ductile material, whereby itmaybe so shaped or drawn as to enable it to be placed in position bypassing it downwardly over the cylinders, the top portion 9 thereoflying upon the flanged heads 10 of the cylinders and forming a gasketbetween said heads and the caps 11 which are bolted thereto, said gasketor jacket top having apertures therethrough which register with theopenings 12 through the cylinder heads which communicate with thecombustion chambers 13 in the caps 11. The presence of the waterjacketaround the cylinders forms a water space ll of considerable area becauseof the thinness of the wall of the jacket, making it possible tomaintain a large volume of water around the cylinders, therebypreventing the conversion of said water into steam and keeping thetemperature of the cylinders down to the desired point.

For the purpose oi relieving the gasket 9, formed by the top of thewater-jacket lying between the cylinder heads and the caps, from thestrain 01 the explosions in the combustion chamber, and to prevent thepossible blowing out of said gasket by the force of the exploded charge,the openings 12 and 15 in the cylinder heads and caps which establishconn'nunication between the cylinders and the combustion chambers, arecounter bored at the-junction thereof to receive the stress collars orrings 16, which are fitted into said counter-bores, so as to make atight joint. thereby relieving the gasket from all strain.

The caps 11 are provided with the water space 17 and to establishcommunication between said water space and the water space llsurrounding the cylinders, circulatory openings 18 are formed throughthe flanges 10 of the cylinder heads and through the bottoms of saidcaps, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. In securing the caps to the cylinderheads there are employed a number of bolts 19 which pass throughthesolid portion of the walls of the caps 11 and throughthe flanges of thecylinder heads 10, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, thereby firmly mountingthe caps upon the cylinders and securely clamping the gaskets 9 betweensaid parts.

It will be noted that the wall of the jacket is corrugated or renderedsinuous, thereby strengthening said wall to resist lateral pressure, andproviding for the expansion and contraction thereof under varyingtemperatures without liability of opening the joint formed by theplastic or malleable filling 7.

Communicating with the water space 14 through the wall of the jacket isan intake pipe 20, and leading from the caps are the water educt pipes21, said pipes being connected with a suitable pump, not shown, formaintaining the water in circulation.

In Fig. 1, 22indicates the usual intake valve and 23 the valve rod, ascommonly employed in engines of this type and actuated in a manner wellunderstood in the art.

oeaasea Having thus fully set forth our invention, what we claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is:- j

1. The combination witha cylinder having 'at one end a laterallyprojecting flange forming the head of said'cy'lindcr, of a hollow capcontaining a combustion chamber, said cap having a flat under facesecured to the flanged headof the cylinder, the head of the cylinder andsaid cap having regis- 'tering openings to-connect the combustionchamberin the cap with the cylinder, the walls of said registering openings inthe cap and in the cylinder head being counter-bored atthe juncture ofsaid parts, a relatively thin sheet metal water jacket embracing thecylinder, and having a fiat top portion which lies upon the flanged headthereof and interposed between said head and the flat under face of saidcap to form's. gasket between said parts, that portion of the waterjacket which forms the gasket between the cap and cylinder headextending to and surrounding thecountenbore between said parts, a stressring embraced by the gasket portion of the water jacket seated in saidcounter-bore flush with the inner walls of said parts to close the jointbetween the cap and cylinder head in which said gasket lies, boltspassingthroughfsaid cap and througlrthe flanged head of the cylinder .toclamp the gasket between said cap and flange, and confine said ring, andmeans for securing the lower end of the jacket to the cylinderwall.

2. The combination with a. cylinder. having a flanged head, of arelatively thin sheet metal water jacket embracing the cylinder andhaving a flat top portion lying upon the flanged head thereof forminga'water space between said jacket and the outer wall of the cylinder, acap having 'a-water space therein. and containinga combustion charm ber,said capalso having a fiat under face which rests upon that portion ofthe water jacket lying upon the flange ofthe cylinder head and forming agasket between said parts, bolts passing through said cap and throughthe flanged head of the cylinder to. clamp the gasket between said capand flange, the flanged head of the cylinder, the interposed waterjacket, and said cap having communicating openings to connect the waterspaces of the cap and cylinder, the head of the cylinder and the caphaving registering openings 'to connect the combustion chamber in thecap with the interior of the cylinder, said registering openings lastmentioned being counter-bored at. the juncture of the cylinder head andcap, the gasket portion of the water jacket communicating with saidcounter-bore, a stress ring lying in said counter-bore flush with theinner walls of said parts to close the joint be-.

tween the capand cylinder and relieve the gasket portion of the waterjacket from strain, and means for detachably securing thenlower end ofthe jacket to the cylinder wa 3. In an explosive engine, the combinationof a cylinder having a head with a laterally projecting flange, a capcontaining a combustion chamber mounted on the flanged cylinder head,the cap and cylinder head having registering openings forming acommunicating passage bet-weenthe cylinder and the combustion chamber inthe cap of less area than the cylinder, the walls of said communicatingpassage in the cylinder head and cap being counter-bored at the junctureof said parts, a sheet metal waterjacket having a flat top portioninterposed between the flange of the cylinder head and the under face ofthe cap and extending to the counterbore between said parts to form agasket, said sheet metal water jacket co-acting with the flange of thecylinder head to form a Water space between said jacket and the wall ofthe cylinder, a stress ring seated in the counter-bore in theregistering openings between the cap and cylinder head and embraced bythe gasket portion of the water jacket lying between said parts, saidring serving to relieve said gasket from the strain of the explosions inthe combustion chamber, and bolts passing through said cap and throughthe flanged head of the cylinder to clamp the gasketbetween said cap andflange find confine the stress ring in said counterore.

4t. Inan explosive engine, the combination of the cylinder having a headprovided with acentral aperture therethrough, a cap containing acombustion chamber and having a flat under face provided with an openingcommunicating with said chamber, said cap supported on the cylinder headto cause the opening thereinand in the cylinder head to register, thewalls of said registering openings being counterbored, a sheet metalwater jacket having a top portion flanged onto the cylinder head andinterposed between said head and cap to form a gasket between saidparts, said gasket portion of the water jacket being apertured toregister with the openings in the head of the cylinder and in the cap, astress ring seated in the counterbore flush with the Wall of thecommunicating opening between the cylinder and cap and embraced by saidgasket, and bolts passing through the cap and into the cylinder head toclamp the gasket between the head of the, cylinder and cap to retainsaid stress ring in place.

5. In an explosive engine, the combination with a plurality of cylindersformed integral and spaced from one another, having a anged head commonto all of said cylinders and spaced from the ends thereof, a sheet metalwater jacket embracing the cylinders and common to all of them, saidwacooperating with said flanged head to form a water space at the endsof the cylinders and surrounding the same, said flanged head and topportion of the water jacket lying thereon being apertured to provide foropenings communicating with the ends of the cylinders, an integral caphaving a plurality of combustion chambers and a flat under face with aplurality of apertures therethrough communicating with said chambers,said cap supported upon the flanged head of the cylinders to confine thetop portion of the water jacket between said parts in a manner. to causethe apertures therein to register with the openings in the ends of thecylinders, said cap also having a water space therein, and the underface of said cap and the flanged head of the cylinders havingregistering openings to establish communication between the water spacesin said parts, and bolts passing through the cap and through the flangedhead of the cylinders to clamp the top portion of the water jacketbetween said cap and head.

6. In an explosive engine, the combination with a plurality of cylindersformed integral and spaced from one another, having a flanged headcommon to all of said cylinders and spaced from the ends thereof, asheet 'metal water jacket embracing the cylinders and common to all ofthem, said water acket havin a flanged top portion lying upon theflanged head of the cylinders and cooperating with said flanged head toform a water space at the ends of the cylinders and surrounding thesame, said flanged head and top portion of the water jacket lyingthereon being apertured to provide for openings communicating with theends of the cylinders, an integral cap havin a plurality of combustionchambers an a flat under face with a plurality of apertures therethroughcommunicating with said chambers, said cap supported upon and secured tothe flanged head of the cylinders to confine the top portion of thewater jacket between said parts in a manner to cause the aperturestherein to register with the openings in the ends of the cylinders, saidcap also having a water space therein and the under face of said cap andthe flanged head of the cylinders having registering openings toestablish communication between the water spaces in said parts.

In testimony whereof, we sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

JOHN F. DODGE. HORACE E. DODGE.

Witnesses:

E. S. WHEELER, I. G. HowLEr'r.

